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Hazards

The January 2025 LA fires, by the numbers: what was destroyed and what rebuilding demands

The Eaton and Palisades fires destroyed 16,264 structures, 11,440 of them single-family homes, most built before 1960. What burned, how old it was, how rebuilding permits are moving, and a labelled model of the trade work.

Model (our estimate)Updated

16,264

structures were destroyed by the Eaton and Palisades fires

11,440 of them were single-family homes. Another 1,518 homes were damaged but left standing. Both fires started on Jan 7, 2025, in Los Angeles County.

Destroyed, Eaton Fire

9,419 structures

14,056 acres burned. 87% of destroyed homes built before 1960.

Destroyed, Palisades Fire

6,845 structures

23,449 acres burned. 56% of destroyed homes built before 1960.

Destroyed in the Inland Empire, all fires since 2013

399 structures

The Eaton and Palisades fires alone destroyed 40 times as many.

What was destroyed

Fire

Structures destroyed

A multi-family building counts as one structure, however many units it has. Mobile homes count as single-family.
Source: CAL FIRE Damage Inspection (DINS) database, POSTFIRE_MASTER_DATA_SHARE · As of Jan 6, 2026
Show the numbers
Structures destroyed (over 50% damaged), by type: the Eaton and Palisades fires
FireStructure typeStructures destroyed
Eaton + PalisadesCommercial & mixed-use319
Eaton + PalisadesMulti-family buildings235
Eaton + PalisadesSheds, garages & other4,270
Eaton + PalisadesSingle-family homes11,440
Fire

Single-family homes

Damage levels are CAL FIRE's: the share of the structure damaged. Homes inspected with no damage, or not reached, are left out.
Source: CAL FIRE Damage Inspection (DINS) database, POSTFIRE_MASTER_DATA_SHARE · As of Jan 6, 2026
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Single-family homes by damage level, as inspected by CAL FIRE: the Eaton and Palisades fires
FireDamage levelSingle-family homes
Eaton + PalisadesDestroyed (>50% damaged)11,440
Eaton + PalisadesMajor damage (25-50%)88
Eaton + PalisadesMinor damage (10-25%)238
Eaton + PalisadesAffected (>0-10%)1,192

How old the homes were

Observed

87% of the single-family homes destroyed in the Eaton Fire were built before 1960 (5,235 of 6,012). 96% were built before 1980.

Single-family homes destroyed, by year built (dark bars: before 1980): the Eaton Fire

Fire
Homes

Single-family homes

Year built comes from the county assessor record CAL FIRE joined to each structure. It says when the home was built, not what materials are in it.
Source: CAL FIRE Damage Inspection (DINS) database, POSTFIRE_MASTER_DATA_SHARE · As of Jan 6, 2026
Show the numbers
Single-family homes destroyed, by year built (dark bars: before 1980): the Eaton Fire
FireHomesYear builtSingle-family homesShare
EatondestroyedPre-19402,38940%
Eatondestroyed1940-592,84647%
Eatondestroyed1960-795359%
Eatondestroyed1980-991282%
Eatondestroyed2000+431%
EatondestroyedUnknown711%

Older homes matter for the work because two rules apply before walls come down or paint is disturbed. These are the rules in short. It is not legal or health advice. Read the rule text for any job.

  • Asbestos (South Coast AQMD Rule 1403): a written asbestos survey by a Cal/OSHA-certified inspector is required before any demolition, and before most renovations. South Coast AQMD must be notified before every demolition. The rule applies to buildings of any age.
  • Lead paint (EPA Renovation, Repair and Painting rule): paid work that disturbs paint in homes built before 1978 must be done by an EPA-certified firm using lead-safe practices. Small jobs and some emergency work have exceptions.

Sources: Rule 1403 text, South Coast AQMD asbestos page, EPA RRP program, 40 CFR 745 Subpart E. For where older homes are across SoCal, see older buildings and survey demand.

The data groups homes built from 1960 to 1979 together, so "before 1980" includes some 1978 and 1979 homes the lead rule does not cover. Homes built before 1960 are all inside it.

Rebuilding so far (unincorporated LA County)

Observed

In unincorporated LA County, 3,714 Eaton Fire cases have a building permit. 2,683 are in construction and 301 are finished.

Eaton Fire rebuild cases in unincorporated LA County, by stage reached, as of Oct 1, 2026

Fire

Cases

A case counts in every stage it has reached. Older plan cases skip some stages, so a later bar can be longer than an earlier one. Cases are not homes: one rebuild often has several. The City of Los Angeles, Pasadena and Malibu are not included. County stage definitions.
Sources: Los Angeles County Public Works, EPIC-LA Fire Recovery Cases; LA County Permitting Progress Dashboard; LA County 2025 Fire Rebuilding Metric Definitions · As of Oct 1, 2026
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Eaton Fire rebuild cases in unincorporated LA County, by stage reached, as of Oct 1, 2026
FireStage reachedCases
EatonRebuild applications received3,732
EatonZoning reviews cleared3,526
EatonFull building plans received3,946
EatonBuilding plans approved4,044
EatonBuilding permits issued3,714
EatonRebuild in construction2,683
EatonConstruction completed301
Observed

Finished rebuilds reached 63 in September 2026, the most of any month so far. Permits peaked at 385 in March 2026, and applications at 370 in July 2025.

Eaton Fire rebuild cases per month in unincorporated LA County: applications, permits issued and construction completed

Fire
  • Applications
  • Permits issued
  • Completed

New cases per month

Counted by the month a case was applied for, got its permit, or passed final inspection. The current part-month is left out.
Sources: Los Angeles County Public Works, EPIC-LA Fire Recovery Cases; LA County Permitting Progress Dashboard; LA County 2025 Fire Rebuilding Metric Definitions · As of Oct 1, 2026
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Eaton Fire rebuild cases per month in unincorporated LA County: applications, permits issued and construction completed
FireMonthStageNew cases
Eaton2025-01Applications6
Eaton2025-01Permits issued0
Eaton2025-01Completed0
Eaton2025-02Applications36
Eaton2025-02Permits issued3
Eaton2025-02Completed1
Eaton2025-03Applications92
Eaton2025-03Permits issued0
Eaton2025-03Completed0
Eaton2025-04Applications199
Eaton2025-04Permits issued6
Eaton2025-04Completed0
Eaton2025-05Applications248
Eaton2025-05Permits issued16
Eaton2025-05Completed0
Eaton2025-06Applications274
Eaton2025-06Permits issued38
Eaton2025-06Completed0
Eaton2025-07Applications370
Eaton2025-07Permits issued70
Eaton2025-07Completed2
Eaton2025-08Applications318
Eaton2025-08Permits issued131
Eaton2025-08Completed2
Eaton2025-09Applications264
Eaton2025-09Permits issued188
Eaton2025-09Completed1
Eaton2025-10Applications279
Eaton2025-10Permits issued225
Eaton2025-10Completed3
Eaton2025-11Applications228
Eaton2025-11Permits issued202
Eaton2025-11Completed4
Eaton2025-12Applications246
Eaton2025-12Permits issued200
Eaton2025-12Completed6
Eaton2026-01Applications167
Eaton2026-01Permits issued279
Eaton2026-01Completed8
Eaton2026-02Applications167
Eaton2026-02Permits issued281
Eaton2026-02Completed8
Eaton2026-03Applications135
Eaton2026-03Permits issued385
Eaton2026-03Completed21
Eaton2026-04Applications143
Eaton2026-04Permits issued349
Eaton2026-04Completed19
Eaton2026-05Applications103
Eaton2026-05Permits issued284
Eaton2026-05Completed38
Eaton2026-06Applications156
Eaton2026-06Permits issued295
Eaton2026-06Completed32
Eaton2026-07Applications113
Eaton2026-07Permits issued321
Eaton2026-07Completed50
Eaton2026-08Applications98
Eaton2026-08Permits issued245
Eaton2026-08Completed43
Eaton2026-09Applications90
Eaton2026-09Permits issued195
Eaton2026-09Completed63

Compared with other SoCal fires

Structures destroyed

Acres are from the fire perimeter records (2015 on). A fire can burn huge areas of wildland and few buildings, or the reverse.
Sources: CAL FIRE Damage Inspection (DINS) database, POSTFIRE_MASTER_DATA_SHARE (as of Jan 6, 2026); CAL FIRE FRAP, California Fire Perimeters (interagency: CAL FIRE, USFS, BLM, NPS, FWS); NIFC WFIGS Interagency Perimeters (year to date); U.S. Census Bureau TIGERweb county boundaries (as of Sep 19, 2026)
Show the numbers
The 10 Southern California fires that destroyed the most structures, 2013 to now (all counties a fire touched)
FireCountiesStructures destroyedFire size (acres)
Eaton (2025)Los Angeles9,41914,056
Palisades (2025)Los Angeles6,84523,449
Woolsey (2018)Los Angeles, Ventura1,64389,551
Thomas (2017)Ventura1,038281,791
Mountain (2024)Ventura24319,902
Bobcat (2020)Los Angeles169115,998
Airport (2024)Orange, Riverside16023,526
Lilac (2017)San Diego1594,081
Creek (2017)Los Angeles14015,619
Bridge (2024)Los Angeles, San Bernardino8155,724
County

Structures destroyed

Only the part of each fire inside this county. CAL FIRE does not inspect every fire, especially small ones in city or federal areas.
Source: CAL FIRE Damage Inspection (DINS) database, POSTFIRE_MASTER_DATA_SHARE · As of Jan 6, 2026
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Structures destroyed in Riverside County, by fire, 2013 to now (top 8 of 20 fires)
CountyFireStructures destroyed in this county
RiversideSandalwood (2019)73
RiversideAirport (2024)71
RiversideSilver (2013)52
RiversideNixon (2024)40
RiversideFairview (2022)37
RiversideHighland (2023)20
RiversideApple (2020)13
RiversideCranston (2018)12
RiversideHoly (2018)12
Riverside46th (2019)7
RiversideRock (2021)7
RiversideMindy (2025)5
RiversideFlats (2021)3
RiversideBonny (2023)3
RiversideCanyon (2017)2
RiversideJuniper (2025)2
RiversideRosa (2025)2
RiversideWolf (2025)2
RiversideReche (2023)1
RiversideBradford (2025)1

Model: the trade work if every home is rebuilt

Model assumptions

  • Homes to rebuild: 11,440. Single-family homes CAL FIRE recorded as destroyed in the Eaton and Palisades fires. Observed.
  • Share that get rebuilt: All of them. Not known. Some owners will sell or not rebuild. "All" gives the ceiling, not a forecast.
  • Jobs per home, per trade: 1. A new house needs a builder, wiring, plumbing and heating/cooling, a roof, drywall and insulation, and paint. We count one job per trade per home. Big homes may use more than one crew.
  • Contractors: Firms with employees, Q1 2026. BLS QCEW establishment counts for the quarter shown, in the counties you pick. Observed. Self-employed trades without staff are not counted.
  • Left out: 235 multi-family, 319 commercial. Destroyed apartment and commercial buildings, and damaged homes that need repair, add more work. They are left out to keep the count simple (16,264 structures were destroyed in all).
  • Not estimated: Weeks or hours of work. We found no public source for crew time by trade on a home rebuild, so this model counts jobs, not weeks.
Contractors based in

Rebuilds per firm, if every destroyed home is rebuilt

This is arithmetic, not a forecast: homes divided by firms. Firms also have their normal work, and many crews come from outside these counties. Plumbing and HVAC share one code in the data.
Sources: CAL FIRE Damage Inspection (DINS) database, POSTFIRE_MASTER_DATA_SHARE (as of Jan 6, 2026); U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW) (as of Q1 2026)
Show the numbers
MODEL: destroyed single-family homes per contractor firm (with employees), by trade, Los Angeles, Riverside and San Bernardino
CountiesTradeHomes to rebuildFirms with employeesJobs at those firmsRebuilds per firm
Los Angeles, Riverside and San BernardinoResidential builders11,4409,03931,5741.3
Los Angeles, Riverside and San BernardinoElectricians11,4403,87332,5953.0
Los Angeles, Riverside and San BernardinoPlumbing & HVAC11,4404,80735,9572.4
Los Angeles, Riverside and San BernardinoRoofers11,4401,1388,10110
Los Angeles, Riverside and San BernardinoDrywall & insulation11,44079513,70914
Los Angeles, Riverside and San BernardinoPainters11,4401,4958,0427.7

Months to finish the Eaton cases now in construction, at the recent pace

52 months

2,683 cases in construction ÷ 52 finished per month on average (July to September 2026), unincorporated LA County only. The pace has been rising (it was 30 a month in the three months before), so read this as the size of the backlog, not a forecast.

Model

What this does and doesn't tell you

It tells you how many buildings CAL FIRE found destroyed or damaged, what kind they were, when they were built, and how fast rebuild permits are moving in unincorporated LA County.

  • It does not tell you how many homes will be rebuilt, or when. Some lots will be sold or left empty.
  • It does not say which homes had asbestos or lead paint. Year built is only a rough guide.
  • Structures are not dwelling units. An apartment building is one structure. Rebuild cases are not homes either: one home can have several cases.
  • Permit counts cover unincorporated LA County only. The City of Los Angeles, Pasadena and Malibu permit on their own and are not here, as of Oct 1, 2026.
  • The model counts jobs, not hours or weeks. It also ignores trades that come from outside these counties and self-employed workers without staff.
  • CAL FIRE does not inspect every fire. Small fires in city or federal areas can be missing from the county comparisons.

About this data

Structures damaged by wildfire in Southern California (CAL FIRE DINS) Observed

CAL FIRE Damage Inspection (DINS) database, POSTFIRE_MASTER_DATA_SHARE (CAL FIRE, Office of the State Fire Marshal)

Covers through Jan 6, 2026. Retrieved .

Notes (6)
  • Counts are structures inspected by CAL FIRE damage inspection teams after each fire, by damage level, building type and year built. A structure is a building, not a home: an apartment building is one structure.
  • Not every fire is inspected, and some fires on local or federal land are missing. Records start in 2013.
  • Before 2018 inspectors recorded only damaged and destroyed structures; since 2018 they also record undamaged ones, so 'no damage' counts are not comparable across that break.
  • Single-family includes mobile homes. Commercial includes mixed commercial/residential buildings. Other means sheds, garages, barns and infrastructure.
  • Year built comes from county assessor records. It is a fact about the building, not evidence of any material inside it.
  • CAL FIRE last updated this data on 2026-01-06; 'as of' is that date.
Eaton & Palisades fire rebuild cases, unincorporated LA County Observed

Los Angeles County Public Works, EPIC-LA Fire Recovery Cases (refreshed each business day); LA County Permitting Progress Dashboard; LA County 2025 Fire Rebuilding Metric Definitions (what each stage means)

Covers through Oct 1, 2026. Retrieved .

Notes (4)
  • Plan and permit cases for Eaton and Palisades fire recovery in unincorporated Los Angeles County only (for example Altadena). The City of Los Angeles (most of Pacific Palisades), Pasadena, Malibu and other cities issue their own permits and are not included.
  • Counts are cases, not homes: one rebuild usually has several cases (plans, building permit, ADU, temporary housing).
  • Stage totals count every case that has reached that stage, as on the County's Permitting Progress Dashboard. Monthly counts are by month of application, permit issue or final inspection; the current month is left out until it ends.
  • The stages are not a strict funnel: some older plan cases and standalone permits skip stages, so a later stage can be larger than an earlier one.
Wildfire perimeters in Southern California since 2015 Observed

CAL FIRE FRAP, California Fire Perimeters (interagency: CAL FIRE, USFS, BLM, NPS, FWS) (Fire years 2015-2025); NIFC WFIGS Interagency Perimeters (year to date) (Fires discovered in 2026; perimeters are preliminary and change while fires burn); U.S. Census Bureau TIGERweb county boundaries

Covers through Sep 19, 2026. Retrieved .

Notes (5)
  • Fires of 10 acres or more that burned in a Southern California county. A fire that crossed a county line is counted in each county for the acres that burned there.
  • 2015-2025 perimeters come from CAL FIRE's historic fire perimeter database; 2026 fires come from the national (NIFC) year-to-date perimeters, which are preliminary until CAL FIRE publishes the year.
  • Start dates are the local discovery date where the fire can be matched to the national incident record; otherwise CAL FIRE's alarm date, which can read one day late for evening starts.
  • Perimeters show where fire burned, not damage; most of the acreage is wildland.
  • Map outlines are simplified for display.
Restoration trades by county: establishments, jobs and wages Observed

U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW) (county files, private employers; industry codes electricians 23821, plumbing & hvac 23822, drywall & insulation 23831, painters 23832, roofers 23816, remediation & abatement 562910, residential builders 2361)

Covers through Q1 2026. Retrieved .

Notes (7)
  • Private-sector employers only. Counts are by where the business is located, not where the work is done.
  • Jobs are the average of the quarter's three monthly payroll counts. Self-employed workers and owners without employees are not counted.
  • Average weekly wage is total quarterly pay divided by 13 weeks and by average jobs, in current dollars (not adjusted for inflation).
  • BLS publishes county trade data at the 5-digit industry level (4-digit for residential building); remediation is the one 6-digit industry it publishes by county.
  • BLS revises the most recent quarters; this data is rebuilt from the latest release.
  • There is no industry code for fire, water and mold restoration contractors: they are counted among remodelers, other specialty trades, building services and remediation. These counts describe the trades restoration work depends on, not restoration firms themselves.
  • BLS withholds jobs and wages to protect employer confidentiality for Riverside remediation & abatement in 2019Q1–2020Q2 and 2020Q4; the establishment count is still shown.